dismissed EB-1A Case: Bodybuilding

identifying data deleted to 
prevent clearly unwmmtec 
invasion of personal prtvac) 
U.S. Department of Homeland Security 
20 Mass. Ave., N.W., Rm. 3000 
Washington, DC 20529 
U.S. Citizenship 
and Immigration 
Services 
. - 
-* .J q-ll> 
I - 
Office: TEXAS SERVICE CENTER Date: 
 -. 
SRC 05 072 50655 
PETITION: 
 Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker as an Alien of Extraordinary Ability Pursuant to Section 
203@)(1)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. 5 1 153(b)(l)(A) 
ON BEHALF OF PETITIONER: 
INSTRUCTIONS : 
This is the decision of the Administrative Appeals Office in your case. All documents have been returned to 
the office that originally decided your case. Any further inquiry must be made to that office. 
(-.) 
;/Robert P. Wiemann, Chief 
Administrative Appeals Office 
DISCUSSION: The employment-based immigrant visa petition was denied by the Director, Texas Service 
Center, and is now before the Administrative Appeals Office (AAO) on appeal. The appeal will be dismissed. 
The petitioner seeks classification as an employment-based immigrant pursuant to section 203(b)(l)(A) of the 
Immigration and Nationality Act (the Act), 8 U.S.C. 3 1153(b)(l)(A), as an alien of extraordinary ability in 
athletics. The director determined the petitioner had not established the sustained national or international 
acclaim necessary to qualify for classification as an alien of extraordinary ability. 
On appeal, counsel states: "The Ipetitioner] is truly one of the small percentage of competitors to have risen to 
the very top of the field of natural body building. . . . [The petitioner] has satisfied five of the ten criteria 
necessary to determine that he is an alien of extraordinary ability." 
Section 203(b) of the Act states, in pertinent part, that: 
(1) Pnority Workers. -- Visas shall f~st be made available . . . to qualified immigrants who are aliens 
described in any of the following subparagraphs (A) through (C): 
(A) Aliens with Extraordinary Ability. -- An alien is described in this subparagraph if -- 
(i) the alien has extraordinary ability in the sciences, arts, education, business, or 
athletics which has been demonstrated by sustained national or international acclaim 
and whose achievements have been recognized in the field through extensive 
documentation, 
(ii) the alien seeks to enter the United States to continue work in the area of 
extraordinary ability, and 
(iii) the alien's entry to the United States will substantially benefit prospectively the 
United States. 
Citizenship and Immigration Services (CIS) and legacy Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) have 
consistently recognized that Congress intended to set a very high standard for individuals seeking immigrant 
visas as aliens of extraordinary ability. See 56 Fed. Reg. 60897,60898-9 (November 29, 1991). As used in 
this section, the term "extraordinary ability" means a level of expertise indicating that the individual is one of 
that small percentage who have risen to the very top of the field of endeavor. 8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(2). The 
specific requirements for supporting documents to establish that an alien has sustained national or 
international acclaim and recognition in his or her field of expertise are set forth in the regulation at 8 C.F.R. 
3 204.5(h)(3). The relevant criteria will be addressed below. It should be reiterated, however, that the 
petitioner must show that he has earned sustained national or international acclaim at the very top level. 
This petition, filed on January 18, 2005, seeks to classify the petitioner as an alien with extraordinary ability 
as a bodybuilder. As required by section 203(b)(l)(A)(i) of the Act and the regulation at 8 C.F.R. 
3 204.5(h)(3), the petitioner must demonstrate that his national or international acclaim has been sustained. 
The record reflects that the petitioner has been residing in the United States since September 2002. Given the 
Page 3 
length of time between the petitioner's anival in the United States and the petition's filing date (more than 
two years), it is reasonable to expect him to have earned national acclaim in the United States during that 
time. The petitioner has had ample time to establish a reputation as a bodybuilder in this country. 
The regulation at 8 C.F.R. 4 204.5(h)(3) indicates that an alien can establish sustained national or 
international acclaim through evidence of a one-time achievement (that is, a major, international recognized 
award). Barring the alien's receipt of such an award, the regulation outlines ten criteria, at least three of which 
must be satisfied for an alien to establish the sustained acclaim necessary to qualify as an alien of 
extraordinary ability. The petitioner has submitted evidence pertaining to the following criteria. 
Documentation of the alien's receipt of lesser nationally or internationally recognized prizes 
or awards for excellence in the field of endeavor. 
We withdraw the director's finding that that the petitioner meets this criterion. 
The petitioner submitted an award diploma issued by the Bulgarian Amateurs Bodybuilding and Fitness 
Association (BABBFA) of Sofia, Bulgaria reflecting that the petitioner placed 1'' in the 90 kilogram weight 
class at the Republican Championship of Bodybuilding and Fitness on May 9, 1999. The petitioner, however, 
has not shown that this award is widely recognized beyond the presenting organization. The plain language of 
the regulation at 8 C.F.R. $204.5(h)(3)(i), however, specifically requires that the awards or prizes be nationally or 
internationally recognized and it is the petitioner's burden to establish every element of a given criterion. In this 
instance, there is no evidence of contemporaneous publicity surrounding the petitioner's receipt of an award at 
this amateur-level competition or evidence showing that his award commands a substantial level of 
recognition throughout Bulgaria. 
The petitioner also submitted a July 3, 2003 reference letter issued by the BABBFA stating that he achieved 
the following competitive results: 
1997: 3* place in the Republican Championship up to 90 Kg 
1998: 2nd place in the Republican Championship up to 90 Kg 
1998: 4" place in the Balkan Championship, Thessaloniki, Greece 
1999: 1" place in the Republican Championship up to 90 Kg 
1999: 3d place in the 2nd International Tournament "Apollo" Cup 
2000: 2nd place in the Balkan Championship up to 90 Kg, Didimotico, Greece 
The plain language of this criterion requires evidence of "the alien's receipt of lesser nationally or 
internationally recognized prizes or awards for excellence in the field of endeavor." Aside from submitting 
the 1999 award diploma for 1" place in the BABBFA's Republican Championship, the petitioner has not 
submitted evidence of his receipt of a "prize" or "award at the remaining competitive tournaments listed 
above. Regarding the remaining tournaments, rather than submitting first-hand evidence showing that he is a 
named recipient of a prize or award, the petitioner instead submitted a July 3, 2003 letter fiom the BABBFA 
issued years after those events took place. Primary evidence showing that the petitioner received a prize or 
award at the preceding tournaments, however, would be evidence of the actual prizes or awards themselves 
(issued by the appropriate presenting organization and bearing the petitioner's name) rather than a July 3, 
2003 reference letter issued years later. In this instance, the petitioner has not complied with the regulation at 
8 C.F.R. 
 103.2(b)(2) regarding the submission of secondary evidence. Specifically, the petitioner has not 
demonstrated that the prizes or awards from the remaining competitive tournaments listed above are 
unavailable or do not exist. Simply going on record without supporting documentary evidence is not 
sufficient for purposes of meeting the burden of proof in these proceedings. Matter of &fici, 22 I&N Dec. 
158, 165 (Cornm. 1998) (citing Matter of Treasure Craft of California, 14 I&N Dec. 190 (Reg. Comm. 
1972)). 
The petitioner submitted evidence showing that he won the overall title at the 2004 National Physique 
Committee (NPC) Tampa Bay Classic (an amateur bodybuilding competition). An article submitted by the 
petitioner from the August 2004 issue of Southern Muscle Plus magazine states: "The 22nd Annual NPC 
Tampa Bay Classic was held on June 12 at the Chamberlain High School Auditorium in Tampa . . . . [The 
petitioner], 29, of Tampa scored a unanimous decision to take the lightweight class and moved into the finals 
to once again take all first place votes from the judges for the overall win." We find that the petitioner's first- 
place victory at the 2004 Tampa Bay Classic reflects local or regional recognition rather than national or 
international recognition. According to the Southern Muscle Plus article, all ten of the bodybuilding 
competitors receiving honors at this event came from places in Florida such as Tampa, Bradenton, Belleair, 
Clearwater, Balm, Parrish, Port Richey, and Spring Hill. The petitioner has not submitted evidence showing 
that a substantial percentage of the entrants for this competition were bodybuilders from outside of the state of 
Florida. 
The petitioner submitted competitive results printed from the internet showing that he placed third in the 
amateur men's welterweight division at the 2003 Musclemania World Tour in Los Angeles, California. 
These results reflect that the Musclemania touring championships also include a men's "professional" 
division. The record, however, includes no evidence showing that the petitioner has received a nationally or 
internationally recognized prize or award at the professional level. 
We do not find that the petitioner's participation in "amateur" body building competitions such as the 
BABBFA's Republican Championship in 1999, the 2004 NPC Tampa Bay Classic, and the 2003 
Musclemania World Tour in Los Angeles is an indication that he "is one of that small percentage who have 
risen to the very top of the field of endeavor." See 8 C.F.R. $204.5(h)(2). According to the Musclemania 
2003 results, beyond the "amateur" level, there exists the "professional" level in which individuals such as 
Derrick Brown, Andrea Santos, Nario Miano, Grant Johnson, and Jason Powell competed. There is no indication 
that the petitioner has competed at their same level and earned a nationally or internationally recognized prize or 
award in bodybuilding. We note here that CIS has long held that even athletes performing at the major league 
level do not automatically meet the "extraordinary ability" standard. See 56 Fed. Reg. 60897, 60899 (November 
29, 1991). Likewise, it does not follow that an amateur body builder whose primary source of income derives 
from a different occupation should necessarily qualify for an extraordinary ability immigrant visa. To find 
otherwise would contravene Congress' intent that ths visa category be reserved for "that small percentage of 
individuals that have risen to the very top of their field of endeavor." 
In light of the above, the petitioner has not established that he meets this criterion. 
Documentation of the alien S membership in associations in the field for which classijcatzoo 
is sought, which require outstanding achievements of their members, as judged by recognized 
national or international experts in their disciplines orjields. 
In order to demonstrate that membership in an association meets this criterion, the petitioner must show that 
the association requires outstanding achievement as an essential condition for admission to membership. 
Membership requirements based on employment or activity in a given field, minimum education or 
experience, standardized test scores, grade point average, recommendations by colleagues or current 
members, or payment of dues, do not satisfy this criterion as such requirements do not constitute outstanding 
achievements. In addition, it is clear from the regulatory language that members must be selected at the 
national or international level, rather than the local or regional level. Therefore, membership in an association 
that evaluates its membership applications at the local or regional chapter level would not qualify. Finally, 
the overall prestige of a given association is not determinative; the issue here is membership requirements 
rather than the association's overall reputation. 
The petitioner submitted evidence of his participation in events sponsored by the BABBFA, Musclemania, 
and the NPC, but no evidence of his official "membership" credential for these associations. Nor is there 
evidence of the membership bylaws or the official admission requirements for the latter two organizations. In 
a January 17,2006 letter respondng to the director's request for evidence, counsel acknowledges: "There are 
no membership certificates to provide for Musclemania and the NPC. A membership fee and attendance at a 
competition is all that is required." According to a document entitled "RULES OF THE BULGARIAN 
AMATEURS BODY-BUILDING AND FITNESS ASSOCIATION," the criteria for participation in contests 
sponsored by this association is "a dully paid membership fee for the current contest season." In this case, 
there is no evidence showing that the petitioner holds "membership" in an association requiring outstanding 
achievement or that he was evaluated by national or international experts in consideration of his admission to 
membership. Thus, the petitioner has not established that he meets this criterion. 
Published materials about the alien in professional or major trade publications or other major 
media, relating to the alien's work in the field for which classijcation is sought. Such evidence 
shall include the title, date, and author ofthe material, and any necessary translation. 
In general, in order for published material to meet this criterion, it must be primarily about the petitioner and, as 
stated in the regulations, be printed in professional or major trade publications or other major media. To qualify 
as major media, the publication should have sig~lificant national or international distribution. An alien would not 
earn acclaim at the national or international level from a local publication or a publication with limited 
circulation. Some newspapers, such as the New York Times, nominally serve a particular locality but would 
qualify as major media because of significant national distribution, unlike small local community papers.' 
The petitioner submitted material indicating that his photographs appeared in advertisements in magazines such 
as The Best of Men 's Workout and Exercise and Health. Advertising material, which is not the result of 
' Even with nationally-circulated newspapers, consideration must be given to the placement of the article. For example, 
an article that appears in the Washington Post, but in a section that is distributed only in Fairfax County, Virginia, cannot 
serve to spread an individual's reputation outside of that county. 
independent journalistic reportage, does not satisfy the plain language of the criterion at 8 C.F.R. 
204.5(h)(3)(iii). The petitioner also submitted evidence showing that his photographs appeared in Men's 
Exercise, but the date of this material was not provided and it was not about the petitioner as required by this 
criterion. 
The petitioner submitted articles about him appearing in magazines such as Men's Workout, Southern Muscle 
Plus, 24 Hours, and Olymp. On October 19, 2005, the director issued a request for evidence instructing the 
petitioner to submit the "circulation" figures for magazines in which he appeared. The petitioner's response 
included a letter from Evgeni Angelov, Publisher and Editor of Olymp magazine, stating that his publication has a 
monthly circulation of 3,800 to 3,900 copies. This letter includes no address, telephone number, or any other 
information through which this individual may be contacted. Further, we do not find that a magazine with a 
monthly circulation of less than four thousand copies qualifies as a major trade publication or other major media. 
The petitioner's response included no circulation statistics showing that the remaining magazines featuring h~m 
had substantial national or international readership. Without evidence showing that the magazines featuring the 
petitioner had substantial national or international readership, we cannot conclude that the petitioner meets this 
criterion. 
Evidence of the alien's participation, either individually or on a panel, as a judge of the work of 
others in the same or an alliedfield of specification for which clms@cation is sought. 
The regulation at 8 C.F.R. €J 204.5(h)(3) provides that "a petition for an alien of extraordinary ability must be 
accompanied by evidence that the alien has sustained national or international acclaim and that his or her 
achievements have been recognized in the field of expertise." Evidence of the petitioner's participation as a 
judge must be evaluated in terms of these requirements. The weight given to evidence submitted to klfill the 
criterion at 8 C.F.R. 204.5(h)(3)(iv), therefore, depends on the extent to which such evidence demonstrates, 
reflects, or is consistent with sustained national or international acclaim at the very top of the alien's field of 
endeavor. A lower evidentiary standard would not be consistent with the regulatory definition of 
"extraordinary ability" as "a level of expertise indicating that the individual is one of that small percentage 
who have risen to the very top of the field of endeavor." 8 C.F.R. 4 204.5(h)(2). For example, judging a 
national competition for professional athletes is of far greater probative value than judgmg a local age-group 
competition among youth. 
The July 3,2003 reference letter issued by the BABBFA states: 
In September 2000 [the petitioner] successfully took the examinations for international referee and 
was referee as follows: 
2001: 3rd International Tournament Apollo Cup 
2001 : Republican Championship, Sofia, Bulgaria 
2001 : Balkan Championship, Bitola, Macedonia 
In response to the director's request for evidence, the petitioner submitted a November 6, 2005 letter issued 
by the Chairman of the BABBFA stating: 
As it has been mentioned in the regulations of the BABBFA, the criteria for the participation as a judge in 
these tournaments, or a separate tournament, organized by the Federation, are: 
-Extensive knowledge and proven qualifications in heavy athletics 
-Successful passing of the inspection, performed by the committee of judges at the BABBFA of 
the professional qualifications of the candidate in the respective filed [sic] 
On appeal, the petitioner submits an April 3, 2006 letter from 
 Chairman of the BABBFA, 
describing the three competitions tiom 2001 for which the petitioner served as one of several participating 
judges. Pursuant to 8 C.F.R. 9 103.2(b)(3), any document containing foreign language submitted to CIS shall 
be accompanied by a full English language translation that the translator has certified as complete and 
accurate, and by the translator's certification that he or she is competent to translate from the foreign language 
into English. The English language translation accompanying - April 3,2006 letter was not 
certified as required by the regulation. 
We do not find that the preceding letters of support are adequate to demonstrate that the petitioner meets this 
criterion. The plain language of this criterion requires "[elvidence of the alien's participation . . . as a judge of 
the work of others." Primary evidence of the petitioner's participation is of greater probative value than letters 
of support prepared years after the tournaments occurred. In this instance, there is no evidence showing the 
names of the athletes evaluated by the petitioner, their level of expertise, and the paperwork documenting his 
assessments. The absence of contemporaneous evidence of the petitioner's participation (such as judgng 
slips, tournament programs identifying him as a judge, or a judge's credential from the events) is a significant 
omission from the record. The record also lacks evidence of national publicity surrounding the tournaments 
in which the petitioner served as a judge. The benefit sought in the present matter, however, is not the type for 
which documentation is typically unavailable and the statute specifically requires "extensive documentation" to 
establish eligbility. See section 203(b)(l)(A)(i) of the Act. The regulations governing the present immigrant visa 
determination have no requirement mandating that CIS specifically accept the credibility of personal testimony, 
even if not corroborated. The commentary for the proposed regulations implementing ths statute provide that the 
"intent of Congress that a very high standard be set for aliens of extraordinary ability is reflected in this regulation 
by requiring the petitioner to present more extensive documentation than that required" for lesser classifications. 
56 Fed. Reg. 30703,30704 (July 5,1991). 
In addition to the preceding deficiencies, we note that the statute and regulations require the petitioner's 
acclaim to be sustained. Subsequent to 2001, there is no indication that the petitioner has served as a 
bodybuilding judge in the United States, Bulgaria, or any other country. 
Evidence of the alien's authorship of scholarly articles in the field, in professional or major trade 
publications or other major media. 
We withdraw the director's finding that that the petitioner meets this criterion. 
The petitioner submitted copies of articles that he authored for Olymp magazine in November 2003, December 
2003, and January 2004. The first two articles discuss a nutritional plan recommended by the petitioner and the 
third defines different types of carbohydrates and identifies the basic food sources containing them. The 
Page 8 
petitioner's articles containing nutritional recommendations are instructional rather than "scholarly" in nature. As 
stated previously, the petitioner's response to the director's request for evidence included a letter fro- 
wublisher and Editor of Olymp magazine, stating that his publication has a monthly circulation of 3,800 
to 3,900 copies. This letter includes no address, telephone number, or any other information through which this 
individual may be contacted. Further, we do not find that a magazine with a monthly circulation of less than four 
thousand copies qualifies as a major trade publication or other major media. 
In light of the above, the petitioner has not established that he meets this criterion. 
Evidence that the alien has performed in a leading or critical role for organizations or 
establishments that have a distinguished reputation. 
In order to establish that he performed a leading or critical role for an organization or establishment with a 
distinguished reputation, the petitioner must establish the nature of the petitioner's role within the entire 
organization or establishment and the reputation of the organization or establishment. 
The July 3, 2003 reference letter issued by the BABBFA states: "From December 2000 to December 2001, 
[the petitioner] was coach of the junior's National Team of BABBFA." 
The November 6, 2005 letter issued by the Chairman of the BABBFA states: "Under his management our 
young athletes have achieved considerable success on the home and on various international stages, the most 
impressive of which was the first place, taken by [sic] in the 'Fitness' category at the 
prestigous international contest UNIVERSE '03, held in Nordheim, Germany." 
On appeal, the petitioner submits documents entitled "Affidavit of -I' and "Affidavit of = 
' but neither document bears a certification indicating that they were executed and sworn before 
an officer authorized to administer oaths. The petitioner also submits March 23, 2006 letter of support from 
-- slations accompanying s March 28, 
2006 signed statement and 
 s March 23, 2006 letter were not certified as required 
by the regulation at 8 C.F.R. $ 103.2@)(3). The AAO may, in its discretion, use as advisory opinion 
statements submitted as expert testimony in visa proceedings. However, where an opinion is not in accord 
with other information or is in any way questionable, the AAO is not required to accept or may give less 
weight to that evidence. Matter ofcaron International, 19 I&N Dec. 791 (Cornm. 1988). 
In his appellate brief, counsel states: "The Service . . . determined [the petitioner] had not established the 
BABBFA is an organization 
 In response to this, appellant attaches the 
Affidavit o-" 
 submitted a signed statement rather than an 
affidavit as claimed by counsel. 
 lists a Culver City, California address and 
identifies him as a world class Sumo wrestler and Bulgarian national champion in power lifting, hand ball, 
free style wrestling, and track and field. asserts that the BABBFA "enjoys a distinguished 
reputation within the field of bodybuilding," but fa his own past achievements qualify him 
as an expert in the sport of bodybuilding. Nor does s statement provide specific examples of 
achievements that have earned the BABBFA a distinguished reputation. 
Counsel fiu-ther states: "As further avidence of the distinguished reputation enjoyed by BABBFA, we attach 
the statement of s letter, which identifies her as a power lifting judge 
and "expert in the field of Heavy Athletics," states that she has "had the opportunity to repeatedly meet and 
communicate with - - Chair of the Bulgarian Amateurs Bodybuilding and Fitness 
Association as well as with many of the top-competitors and activists under his leadership including [the 
petitioner]." Rumania Tseneva further states: 
is a person with well-pronounced leadership qualities. Under his ruling the BABBFA 
produced several top competitors in the sport of bodybuilding and fitness, [the petitioner] being one 
of them. In my personal opinion BABBFA's competitors owe their success on a national and 
international level mainly on [sic] a person like - as a leader with great communication 
skills and qualities . . . . 
provide specific examples of competitive "success on a national and intemational level" that have earned the 
BABBFA a distinguished reputation. Nor does it provide sufficient information detailing the petitioner's 
specific role and his relative importance when compared to others in the BABBFA organization. 
To satisfy the specific requirements of 8 C.F.R. 8 204.5(h)(3)(viii), the petitioner must submit competent 
objective evidence establishing the BABBFA's distinguished reputation. Evidence in existence prior to the 
preparation of the petition carries greater weight than witness statements prepared especially for submission 
with the petition. As previously discussed under the criteria at 8 C.F.R. $5 204.50(3)(i) and (iv), we note the 
witnesses' statements in this proceeding are not adequately supported by contemporaneous evidence. Where the 
regulations require specific, objective evidence in support of a petition, the petitioner's burden of proof is not 
satisfied by submitting unsupported testimony. See 8 C.F.R. 5 103.2(b)(l). Aside from the BABBFA's own 
self-serving promotional material (i.e.- the document entitled "Facts about the Bulgarian Amateur Body 
Building and Fitness Association") and the vague statements of and the 
record includes no evidence showing that the BABBFA (founded in 1997) or its junior national team had a 
distinguished national or intemational reputation during the petitioner's tenure as a coach. For example, the 
record includes no official comprehensive competitive statistics for the BABBFA's athletes from December 
2000 to December 2001 or published media reports about the junior team's successes during that period. 
Regarding the petitioner's leading or critical role for the BABBFA's junior national team, = 
signed statement states: "Under the close direction of [the petitioner] in June 14, 2003, I won 
the first place prize in the 'Fitness' category at the International UNIVERSE '03 Championship . . . . [The 
petitioner1 was instrumental in rnv first   lace finish due to his outstandine leaders hi^ of our Junior National 
team." The record, however, includesa no evidence of 
 "firsta place prize" fiom this 
competition. More ~mportantly, there is no evidence showing that the petitioner, who, according to the July 3, 
2003 reference letter issued by the BABBFA, coached the junior national team only "from December 2000 to 
December 2001," was the principle coach of immediately prior to the International 
UNIVERSE '03 Cham ionshi on June 14, 2003. Further, there is no evidence indicating that the petitioner 
accompanie to this competition as her primary coach. We find no evidence showing that 
during the petitioner's tenure as coach for the BABBFA individuals under his direct tutelage competed 
successfully at the national or international level. 
In light of the above, the evidence submitted by the petitioner is not adequate to demonstrate that he 
performed in a leading or critical role for the BABBFA, or that his involvement earned him sustained national 
or international acclaim as a coach or bodybuilder. Thus, the petitioner has not established that he meets this 
criterion. 
In this case, we concur with the director's finding that the petitioner has failed to demonstrate his receipt of a 
major internationally recognized award, or that he meets at least three of the criteria that must be satisfied to 
establish the sustained acclaim necessary to qualify as an alien of extraordinary ability. 
While CIS has approved an 0-1 nonirnmigrant visa petition filed on behalf of the petitioner, that pnor approval 
does not preclude CIS from denying an immigrant visa petition based on a different, if similarly phrased, 
standard. In publishing the proposed rule, legacy INS specifically distinguished the 0-1 nonirnmigrant category 
from the high standard set for immigrant visa extraordinary ability category. See 56 Fed. Reg. 30703, 30704 
(July 5, 1991). It must be noted that many 1-140 immigrant petitions are denied after CIS approves prior 
nonimmigrant petitions. See e.g. Q Data Consulting, Inc. v. INS, 293 F. Supp. 2d 25 (D.D.C. 2003); ZKEA US 
v. US Dept. of Justice, 48 F. Supp. 2d 22 (D.D.C. 1999); Fedin Brothers Co. Ltd. v. Suva, 724 F. Supp. 1103 
(E.D.N.Y. 1989). Because CIS spends less time reviewing 1-1 29 nonimmigrant petitions than 1-1 40 
immigrant petitions, some nonimmigrant petitions are simply approved in error. Q Data Consulting, Inc. v. 
INS, 293 F. Supp. 2d at 29-30; see also Texas A&M Univ. v. Upchurch, 99 Fed. Appx. 556,2004 WL 1240482 
(5th Cir. 2004) (finding that prior approvals do not preclude CIS from denying an extension of the original 
visa based on a reassessment of beneficiary's qualifications). 
The AAO is not required to approve applications or petitions where eligibility has not been demonstrated, merely 
because of pnor approvals that may have been erroneous. See e.g. Matter of Church Scientology International, 
19 1&N Dec. 593, 597 (Comrn. 1988). It would be absurd to suggest that CIS or any agency must treat 
acknowledged errors as binding precedent. Sussex Engg. Ltd. v. Montgomery, 825 F.2d 1084, 1090 (6th Cir. 
1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 1008 (1988). 
Furthermore, the AAO's authority over the service centers is comparable to the relationship between a court of 
appeals and a district court. Even if a service center director had approved the nonimrnigrant petitions on behalf 
of the beneficiary, the AAO would not be bound to follow the contradictory decision of a service center. 
Louisiana Philharmonic Orchestra v. INS, 20000 WL 282785 (E.D. La.), afd, 248 F.3d 1139 (5th Cir. 2001), 
cert. denied, 122 S.Ct. 5 1 (2001). 
An application or petition that fails to comply with the technical requirements of the law may be denied by 
the AAO even if the Service Center does not identify all of the grounds for denial in the initial decision. See 
Spencer Enterprises. Znc. v. United States, 229 F. Supp. 2d 1025, 1043 (E.D. Cal. 2001), afd. 345 F.3d 683 
(9th Cir. 2003); see also Dor v. INS, 891 F.2d 997, 1002 n. 9 (2d Cir. 1989)(noting that the AAO reviews 
appeals on a de novo basis). 
Review of the record does not establish that the petitioner has distinguished himself to such an extent that he may 
be said to have achleved sustained national or international acclaim or to be withm the small percentage at the 
very top of h~s field. The evidence is not persuasive that the petitioner's achevements set him significantly above 
almost all others in hls field at the national or international level. Therefore, the petitioner has not established 
eligibility pursuant to section 203(b)(l)(A) of the Act and the petition may not be approved. 
The burden of proof in visa petition proceedings remains entirely with the petitioner. Section 291 of the Act, 
8 U.S.C. 9 1361. Here, the petitioner has not sustained that burden. Accordingly, the appeal will be dismissed. 
ORDER: The appeal is dismissed.