sustained EB-1A Case: Cardiothoracic Surgery

MATTER OF S-K-
Non-Precedent Decision of the 
Administrative Appeals Office 
DATE: APR. 20, 2016 
APPEAL OF NEBRASKA SERVICE CENTER DECISION 
PETITION: FORM I-140, IMMIGRANT PETITION FOR ALIEN WORKER 
The Petitioner, a cardiothoracic surgeon and clinical instructor, seeks classification as an ''alien of 
extraordinary ability'' in the sciences. See Immigration and Nationality Act (the Act) § 203(b )(1 )(A), 
8 U.S.C. § 1153(b )(1 )(A). This classification makes visas available to foreign nationals who can 
demonstrate their extraordinary ability through sustained national or international acclaim and whose 
achievements have been recognized in their field through extensive documentation. 
The Director, Nebraska Service Center, denied the petition. The Director determined that the 
Petitioner had satisfied the initial evidence requirements set forth at 8 C.F .R § 204.5(h)(3 ). but had 
not demonstrated sustained national or international acclaim at the very top of his field. In his 
appeal, the Petitioner submits additional evidence, and argues that the Director erred in concluding the 
Petitioner was not an individual of extraordinary ability. Upon de novo revie·w, we will sustain the 
appeal. 
I. LAW 
By statute. the extraordinary ability immigrant visa classification requires that foreign nationals 
demonstrate sustained national or international acclaim and present extensive documentation of their 
achievements. Specifically, section 203(b )( 1 )(A) of the Act explains that a foreign national is described 
as an individual with extraordinary ability if: 
(i) the alien has extraordinary ability in the sciences, arts. education, business. or 
athletics which has been demonstrated by sustained national or international acclaim and 
whose achievements have been recognized in the field through extensive 
documentation, 
(ii) the alien seeks to enter the United States to continue work m the area of 
extraordinary ability, and 
(iii) the alien's entry into the United States will substantially benefit prospectively the 
United States. 
(b)(6)
Matter ofS-K-
The implementing regulation defines the term "extraordinary ability" as referring only to those 
individuals in that small percentage who has risen to the very top of the field of endeavor. 8 C.F.R. 
§ 204.5(h)(2). To meet this definition, the regulation at 8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(3) sets forth a multi-part 
analysis. First, a petitioner can demonstrate sustained acclaim and the recognition of his achievements 
in the field through a one-time achievement (that is, a major, internationally recognized award). If the 
petitioner does not submit this documentation, then he must provide suflicient qualifying evidence that 
meets at least three of the ten criteria listed at 8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(3)(i)-(x). 
Satisfaction of at least three criteria, however, does not, in and of itself, establish eligibility for this 
classification. See Kazarian v. USCIS, 596 F.3d 1115 (9th Cir. 2010) (discussing a two-part review 
where the documentation is first counted and then, if fulfilling the required number of criteria, 
considered in the context of a final merits determination). See also Rtjal v. USCL'J, 772 F. Supp. 2d 
1339 (W.O. Wash. 2011) (affirming U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services' (USCIS) proper 
application of Kazarian), aff'd, 683 F.3d 1030 (9th Cir. 2012); Visinscaia v. Beers, 4 F. Supp. 3d 126, 
131-32 (D.D.C. 2013) (finding that USCIS appropriately applied the two-step review); Mauer (~l 
Chawathe, 25 I&N Dec. 369, 376 (AAO 2010) (holding that the "truth is to be determined not by the 
quantity of evidence alone but by its quality'' and that users examines "each piece of evidence for 
relevance, probative value, and credibility, both individually and within 
the context of the totality of 
the evidence, to determine whether the fact to be proven is probably true"). 
II. ANALYSIS 
A. Evidentiary Criteria 
At the time of tiling the Form 1-140, Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker, the Petitioner was working 
in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery at the and serving as a 
member of the Faculty of Medicine at The Director determined 
that the Petitioner had met three of the regulatory criteria listed at 8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(3)(i)- (x). 
Specifically, the Director found that the Petitioner provided evidence of his participation as a judge 
of the work of others, authorship of scholarly articles in professional journals, and performance of a 
leading or critical role for distinguished organizations. 8 C.F.R § 204.5(h)(3)(iv), (vi), and (viii). 
The record supports the Director's findings. 
B. Final Merits Determination 
As the Petitioner has submitted the reqms1te initial evidence, we will conduct a final merits 
determination that considers the entire record in the context of whether or not the Petitioner has 
demonstrated: ( 1) that he enjoys a level of expertise indicating that he is one of a small percentage 
who has risen to the very top of the field of endeavor, and (2) that he has sustained national or 
international acclaim and that his achievements have been recognized in the field of expertise. 
Section 203(b)(l)(A) ofthe Act; 8 C.F.R. §§ 204.5(h)(2), (3); see also Kazarian, 596 F.3d at 1119-
20. Based on the filings and consistent with 1"Hatter (if Price, 20 I&N Dec. 953 (Act. Assoc. Comm'r 
1994 ), the Petitioner has made the requisite showing. 
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(b)(6)
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The Petitioner submitted evidence showing that he served as a peer reviewer of a substantial number 
of articles for multiple journals such as 
The 
Petitioner also provided documentation indicating that he has been an invited session moderator 
expert at the Annual Meeting and the 
Annual Meeting. Furthermore, the Petitioner has 
authored more than eighty articles in distinguished journals, conference proceedings, and textbooks, and 
provided copies of articles that favorably cite to his work. See Kazarian, 596 F .3d at 1121 (citations 
may be relevant to the tinal merits determination of whether an individual is at the very top of the 
tield). 
In addition, the Petitioner has performed in critical roles for distinguished institutions. For example, 
the Petitioner provided documentation showing that he was responsible for organ procurement for 
heart and lung transplantation at the Surgical Director for 
Heart Failure, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, stated that the 
Petitioner "has been an integral part of our 'Organ Procurement Team' and has successfully 
contributed to the Heart Transplantation program at the Further, a series of 
articles in about the specifically mentioned the 
Petitioner's role in procuring organs for transplant. Moreover, the record reflects that 
. -
ranking again in The Petitioner also 
submitted evidence indicating that he has served as the principal investigator or co-investigator for 
multiple heart and lung research studies. 
Furthermore, the Petitioner provided reference letters from medical experts attesting to his level of 
expertise in the field. For instance, Chair of Cardiac Surgery, 
Texas, indicated that the Petitioner is "amongst the most 
experienced and elite heart surgeons in the United States.'' an attending 
cardiologist subspecializing in advanced heart failure and cardiac transplantation at 
Massachusetts, discussed the Petitioner 's work in the heart and lung transplantation 
programs at the and described him as ''an extraordinary physician and researcher·' 
who has "risen to the top of his field." While we need not accept unsupported conclusory 
assertions, 1 the evidence of record, including evidence not discussed in this decision, supports these 
conclusions. 
In light of the evidence discussed above and other corroborating evidence of record, the Petitioner's 
achievements are commensurate with sustained national and international acclaim at the very top of his 
tield. The Petitioner has submitted extensive documentation of his achievements in cardiothoracic 
1 See 1756, Inc. v. The Attorney General of the United States, 745 F. Supp. 9, 15 (D.C. Dist. 1990). 
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Matter ofS-K-
surgery and has demonstrated a "career of acclaimed work in the field'' as contemplated by Congress. 
H.R. Rep. No. 101-723,59 (Sept. 19, 1990). The evidence in the aggregate confirms that he enjoys a 
level of expertise consistent with a finding that he is one of a small percentage who has risen to the 
very top of his field of endeavor, that he has sustained national or international acclaim. and that his 
achievements have been recognized in his field of expertise. See section 203(b)(1 )(A) of the Act; 
8 C.F.R. §§ 204.5(h)(2). (3 ); see also Kazarian, 596 F.3d at 1119-20. Accordingly, the Petitioner 
has established by a preponderance of the evidence that he is eligible for the exclusive classification 
sought. 
III. CONCLUSION 
The Petitioner has submitted qualifying evidence under at least three of the ten evidentiary criteria 
and has documented that he has a "level of expertise indicating that fhe] is one of that small 
percentage who have risen to the very top of the field of endeavor'' and ''sustained national or 
international acclaim.'' His achievements have been recognized in his field of expertise. He has also 
shown that he seeks to continue working in the same field in the United States and that his entry into 
the United States will substantially benefit prospectively the United States. Therefore, the Petitioner 
has demonstrated his eligibility for the benefit sought under section 203 of the Act. 
In visa petition proceedings, it is the Petitioner's burden to establish eligibility for the immigration 
benefit sought. Section 291 ofthe Act. 8 U.S.C. § 1361; Nfatter ofOtiende, 26 I&N Dec. 127. 128 
(BIA 2013 ). Here, the Petitioner has met that burden. 
ORDER: The appeal is sustained. 
Cite as Matter ofS-K-, ID# 16272 (AAO Apr. 20. 2016) 
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