sustained EB-1C Case: Information Technology

(b)(6)
DATE: AUG) 2 0 2013 OFFICE: TEXAS SERVICE CENTER 
INRE: Petitioner: 
Beneficiary: 
U.S. Department of Homeland Security 
U.S. Citizenship and Innnigration Services 
Office of Administrative Appeals 
20 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., MS 2090 
Washington, DC 20529-2090 
U.S. Citizenship 
and Immigration 
Services 
FILE: 
PETITION: Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker as a Multimitional Executive or Manager Pursuant to 
Section 203(b)(l)(C) ofthe Immigration and Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(l)(C) 
ON BEHALF OF PETITIONER: 
INSTRUCTIONS: 
Enclosed please find the decision of the Administrative Appeals Office (AAO) in your case. this is a 
non-precedent decision .. The AAO does not announce new constructions of law nor establish agency policy 
through non-precedent decisions. 
Thank yol1, 
~on Rosenberg 
f.cting Chief, Administrative Appeals Office 
www.uscis.gov 
(b)(6)
NON-PRECEDENT DECISION 
Page2 
DISCUSSION: The Director, Texas Service Center, revoked the approval of the employment-based 
immigrant visa petition and the matter is now before the Administrative Appeals Office (AAO) on appeal. 
The appeal will be sustained. 
The petitioner is a corporation engaged in software development and support, specializing in the outsourcing 
ofnetworking and technology services to clients in tnanufactuting, financial services, healthcare, and other 
industries. The petitioner is the wholly-owned subsidiary of which in tum is a 
The 
petitioner filed the instant immigrant petition to classify the beneficiary as a multinational manager or 
executive pursuant to section 203(b)(I)(C) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (the Act), 8 U.S.C. 
§ 1153(b )(1 )(C). It seeks to employ the beneficiary as a "Business Development Manager" at a salary of 
$87,632 per year. 
The director initially approved the petition on April2Z, 2010. On July 17, 2012, the director issued a notice 
of intent to revoke approval of the petition. After reviewing the petitioner's rebuttal, the director revoked the 
approval of the petition on February 14, 2013 based on a finding that the petitioner failed to establish: (I) 
that it would employ the beneficiary in a qualifying managerial or executive capacity; and (2) that the 
petitioner's foreign parent company employed the beneficiary in qualifying managerial or executive capacitY. 
The petitioner subsequently filed an appeal. The director declined to treat the appeal as a motion and 
forwarded tbe appeal to the AAO for review. On appeal, counsel for the petitioner asserts that the evidence 
of tecotd is sufficient to establish that the beneficiary was employed abroad and will be employed in the 
United States in a quaJifying managerial capacity. 
I. TheLaw 
Section 203(b) ofthe Act states in pertinent part: 
(1) Priority Workers. -- Visas shall first be made available ... to qualified immigrants who 
are aliens described in any of the following subparagraphs (A) through (C): 
* * * 
(C) Certain Multinational Executives and Managers. An alien is 
described in this subparagraph if the alien, in the 3 years preceding the time 
of the alien's application for classification and admission into the United 
States under this subparagraph, has been employed for at least I year by a 
firm or corporation or other legal entity or an affiliate or subsidiary thereof 
and who seeks to enter the United States in order to continue to render 
services to the same employer or to a subsidiary or affiliate thereof in a 
capacity that is managerial or executive. 
(b)(6)
NON-PRECEDENT DECISION 
Page3 
The language of the statute is specific in limiting this provision .to only those executives and managers who 
have previously worked for a firm, corporation or other legal entity, or an affiliate or subsidiary of that entity, 
and who are coming to the United States to work for the same entity, or its affiliate or subsidiary. 
A United States employer may file a petition on Form 1-140 for classification of an alien under section 
203(b )( 1 )(C) of the Act as a multinational executive or manager. No labor certification is required for this 
classification. The prospective employer in the United States must furnish a job offer in the form of a 
statement, which indicates that the alien is to be employed in the United States in a managerial or executive 
capacity. Such a statement must clearly describe the duties to be performed by 
the alien. 
Defining the term managerial capacity, section IOI(a)(44)(A) of the Act, 8 U.S.C. § ll0l(a)(44)(A), 
provides: 
The term ''managerial capacity" means an assignment within an organization in which the employee 
primarily--
(i) manages the organization, or a 
department, subdivision, function, or 
component ofthe organization; 
(ii) supervises and controls the work of other supervisory, professional, or 
managerial employees, or manages an essential function with_in -the 
organization, or a department or subdivision of the organization; 
(Hi) if another employee or other employees ate directly supervised, has the 
authority to hire and fire or recommend those as well as other personnel 
actions (such as promotion and leave authorization), or if no other employee 
is directly supervised, functions at a senior level within the organizational 
hierarchy or with respect to the function managed; and 
(iv) exercises discretion over the day-to-day operations of the a¢tivity or 
function for which the employee has authority. A first-line supervisor is not 
considered to be acting in a managerial capacity merely by v~rtue of the 
supervisor's supervisory duties unless the employees supervised are 
professional. 
Governing the revocation of an immigrant visa petition, section 205 of the Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1155, states: "The 
Secretary of Homeland Security may, at any time, for what he deems to be good and sufficient cause, revoke 
the approval of any petition approved by him under section 204." Depending on the factual circumstances of 
the case, revocation may be effectuated either automatically or on notice. See 8 C.P.R. §§ 205.1 a.Ild 205.2. 
Regard~ng revocation on notice, the Board of Immigration Appeals has stated: 
In Matter of Estime, ... this Board stated that a notice of intention to revoke a visa petition 
is properly issued for "good and sufficient cause" where the evidence of record at the time 
(b)(6)
Page4 
NON-PRECEDENT DECISION 
the notice is issued, if unexplained and unrebutted, would warrant a denial of the visa 
petition based upon the petitioner's failure to meet his burden of proof. The decision to 
revoke will be sustained where the evidence of record at the time the decision is rendered, 
including any evidence or explanation submitted by the petitioner in rebuttal to the notice of 
intention to revoke, would warrant such denial. 
Matter of Ho, 19 I&N Dec. 582, 590 (BIA 1988)( citing Matter of Estime, 19 I&N Dec. 450 (BIA 1987)). 
By itself, the director's realization that a petition was incorrectly approved is good and sufficient cause for 
the issua,nce of a notice of intent to revoke an immigrant petition. Matter of Ho, 19 I&N Dec. 532, 590 (BIA 
1988). 
II. U.S. Employment in a Managerial Capacity 
The first issue to be addressed is whether the petitioner established that it will employ the beneficiary in a 
qualifying managerial capacity. The petitioner does not claim that the beneficiary will be employed in an 
executive capacity. 
A. Facts 
The petitioner filed the Form 1-140, Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker, on April22, 2010. The petitioner 
states that its parent company, located in India, is a leading global information technology enterprise that 
designs and builds information technology architecture for Fortune 500 Companies in the financial services, 
logistics and technology industries. The petitioner indicated that its group employs 25,000 people worldwide 
and operate in nine countries. 
The petitioner stated that it originally transferred the beneficiary to the United States in March 200S "to 
facilitate the improvement of [the company's] sale unit's business procedures, practices and operations." In a 
letter dated April 9, 2010, the petitioner stated that the beneficiary will perform the following duties in the 
proffered 
position of Business Developm'ent Manager: 
• Direct strategic sales, formulating market strategy and governance for the organization's 
sale force structure. 
• Work with the Chief Sales Officer to establish and implement the organization's sales 
force structure and governance; 
e Build and maintain alliances and partnerships in the region to enable the identification of 
joint business opportunities with partner organizations to implement [the petitioner's] 
services to best meet the needs of the alliance. 
• Responsible for end-to-end management of large scale business development deals; 
• Direct project development efforts to build profitable relationships 
with new and existing 
local, national and international accounts; 
• Develop and implement business strategy and identify gaps in interoffice project 
communication, and resolve those issues between [petitioner] locations; 
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• Manage account managers and leads to ensure implementation of processes for seamless 
product transitions and operations management; 
• Manage business and project development process through accounts reports including 
account P&L, account growth, and overall client satisfaction; 
• Perform a liaison role between offshore and onsite development teams, and lead business 
efforts to build profitable relationship with new and existing local, national, international, 
and corporate accounts; 
• Keep all relevant stakeholders informed of current project implementations and overall 
operations performance, and ensure quality customer coordination for pre- and post 
project activities; 
• Lead the career development and setting performance objectives for individuals, and 
assist them with career assessment based on performance reviews, training 
recommendations, salary evaluations and compensations[.] 
The petitioner's letter also provided an expanded description of the position. Briefly, the petitioner stated 
that the beneficiary's time would be allocated to the following 
areas of responsibility: Establish and 
Implement Market Strategy and Governance (25%); Partnerships and Business Plan Implementation (25%); 
Coordinate Activities of Project Teams and Subordinates (20%); Field Marketing (15%); Communication 
(10%); and Miscellaneous (5%) 
the petitioner submitted an organizational chart depicting the beneficiary as "Business Development 
Manager (Strategic Sales and Governance),'' reporting to the Chief Sales Officer- Americas, who reports to 
the company's CEO. The petitioner indicated that the beneficiary supervises an account manager and the 
Senior Manager - Sales office and provided detailed position descriptions for both of the beneficiary's 
subordinates. 
The director initially approved the petition, On July 17, 2012, the director issued a notice of intent to revoke 
the approval, in which the director advised the petitioner that the U.S. Department of State returned the 
petition to USCIS for further review because it appeared the beneficiary was not eligible for the requested 
benefit. With respect to the beneficiary's proposed employment, the direct()r folly cited the position 
description included in the petitioner's April 9, 2010 letter. The director went on to state: 
It is noted that the statements provided by the petitioner with Form 1-140 are contradicted by 
the statements provided by the petitioner with Forms I-129H filed on behalf of the 
beneficiary on August 17,2006 and July 28,2009. Both I-129s indicate thatthe beneficiary 
is to be employed in the US in the position of Management Analyst II, which is a different 
title than the one listed on Form 1-140. 
It is also noted that on Form G-325 which accompanies Form 1-485, Application to Register 
Permanent Residence or Adjust Status, filed by the beneficiary on November 22, 20 I 0; the 
beneficiary states that he is currently employed with the petitioner in the position of 
Management Analyst II, [the] position he has held since April of2005. 
(b)(6)
NON-PRECEDENT DECISION 
Page6 
The director quoted the job duties for the position of Management Analyst II as stated-in the petitioner's 
letters in support ofthe nonimmigrant petitions it filed on the beneficiary's behalf in 2006 and 2009. 
The director requested that the petitioner clarity the beneficiary's job title and provide a description of his 
specific ~ai_ly duties, the percentage of time spent on each duty, an organizational chart clearly showing the 
number of subordinates reporting to the beneficiary, and information regarding the subordinates, including 
job titles, duties and evidence of their educational level. 
In its response to the notice of intent to revoke, the petitioner explained that the beneficiary was transferred 
to tbe United States in H-1 B status to fill the position of Management Analyst, and that he, was later 
promoted to the position of Management Analyst II in 2009. The petitioner explained that it offered the 
beneficiary the permanent position of Bt1siness Development Manager based on h_is prior e:1(perience and 
performance. The petitioner stated that the beneficiary has been working as Business Development Manager 
since obtaining his Employment Authorization Document in March 2011. The petitioner further stated: 
8 CFR Section 204.5(jX5) states that the petitioner must demonstrate that an offer ~f future 
tnariagerial employment is being made to the beneficiary. This future employment is to begin 
once the beneficiary receives his permanent residence. 
there is no mention in the regulations or guidance that the beneficiary of an EB-1 petition 
must be employed in 11 managerial capacity d4ring the interim (in between his transfer to the 
U.S. and when his future offer takes -effect upon becoming a permanent resident). During the 
interim, he may remain in the U.S. on a nonimmigrant status such as H-1B, but there is no 
requirement that he must be employed in a managerial capacity during that time. 
The peti.tioqer stated that "the H 
1 B petitions and the I -140 petition filed on behalf of the beneficiary ate not 
contradictory. They refer to different positions offered to the beneficiary for differen~ periods of time." The 
petitioner provided a five ... page description of the duties of the Business Development Manager position as 
offered in April 2010, and a seven-page description of the duties the beneficiary was performing as a 
Business Development Manager as of August 2012. The petitioner explained that the beneficiary's 
managerial duties had further expanded since he first assumed the position in March 2011. 
The petitioner explained that the role offered to the beneficiary as of April 201 0 was Business Development 
Manager for Strategic S~.tles a.nd Governance. The petitioner provided a detailed explanation of how the 
company is structured and described the role of the Strategic Sales and Governance component as follows: 
This group has its span of influence across the entire Americas regions, across all 
Industry/Customer Units and Horizontals. This group is responsible for strategy, oper11.tional 
planning, and governance for the entire Americas region, new paf1nerships and business 
plans, large deals a,nd transactions, and field marketing. This group is the overatchirtg 
executive management team which oversees strategy and governance for all business tanits 
and horizontals. 
(b)(6)
NON-PRECEDENT DECISION 
Page7 
fhe petitioner provided additional details regarding the beneficiary's proposed duties and re-submitted the 
organizational chart provided at the time of filing, along with evidence of educational qualifications for both 
the account manager and senior manager~ sales office. The petitioner emphasized that both subordinates are 
professional employees and "high level individuals who are responsible for managing strategic partnerships 
and sales governance." The petitioner stated that the beneficiary currently serves as business d~velopment 
manager for a different business unit, with responsibility for $100 million in revenue and a larger subordinate 
staff. 
The director revoked the approval of the petition on February 14, 2013. The director acknowledged the 
petitioner's eXplanation regarding the Management Analyst II position that the beneficiary previously held in 
H-1 B status. The director then recited the position description provided at the time of filing, summarized the 
expanded five .. page description of the position submitted in response to the RFE, and concluded, without 
additional discussion: "The petitioner's description of the beneficiary's proposed duties in the U.S. does not 
indicate that the beneficiary will be employed in a managerial or executive capacity." 
B. Analysis 
Upon review; the petitioner has established that it will employ the beneficiary in a primarily managerial 
capacity. 
The petitioner established that the proffered position would involve managing the Strategic Sales and 
Governance function for the company's entire Americas region. The petitioner explained that the position 
would involve development and implementation of strategies and operational plans across busine$S t1nits that 
wot1ld have an impact upon operations in the entire region, and that he would function at a senior level 
within the company's sales organization, reporting to the Chief Sales Officer for the Americ~s, who in tum 
reports to the petitioner's CEO. 
The petitioner also provided an extremely detailed description of the proffered position sufficient to es~blish 
that the ben~ficiary would be perfotrning high-level functions that fall within the statutory definition of 
managerial capacity. As noted above, the director failed to provide any support for his conclusion that the 
duties described are not qualifying in nature. When denying a petition, a director has an affirmative duty to 
explain the specific reasons for the denial; this duty includes informing a petitioner why the evidence failed 
to satisfy its burden of proof pursuant to section 291 of the Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1361. See 8 C.F.R. § 
1 03.3(a)(l )(i). 
Further the evidence submitted establishes that the beneficiary would supervise and control the work of 
professional employees and possess authority to recommend personnel actions for employees under his 
supervision. See sections IOI(a)(44)(A)(ii) and (iii) of the Act. 
The petitioner has indicated that the beneficiary has since assumed a different business development 
management role within the organization, and submitted evidence that such position is substantially similar 
to the role offered at the time of filing and will be in a qualifying managerial capacity. 
(b)(6)
NON-PRECEDENT DECISION 
Page 8 
While the beneficiary may be required to apply his business expertise in carrying out his responsibilities at 
times, the petitioner need only establish that the beneficiary will "primarily" devote his time to qualifying 
duties. Sec. 10l(a)(44)(A) of the Act. The petitioner has met that burden. The director's determination to 
the contrary will be withdrawn. 
III. Foreign Employment in a Managerial Capacity 
The remaining issue addressed by the director is whether the petitioner estt,tblished t.hat the foreign entity 
employed the beneficiary in a qualifying managerial capacity. 
A. Facts 
The petitioner indicates that the beneficiary. held the position of Account Manager for its Indian parent 
company from May 2003 tmtil March 2005. The petitioner's ini(ialletter inchJ<Jed a two-page description of 
the beneficiary's duties in this role. Briefly, the petitioner indicated that the beneficiary's time was allocated 
, among the following areas of responsibility: Migrate all account management processes from client locations 
to project teams in India (20%); Manage 
the Request for Proposal (RFP) process across multiple stakeholders 
(40%); Manage the commercial function that was responsible for invoicing, collections management and 
client reporting (20%); Manage the Resource Forecasting and Management process for the client operations 
(5%); and Mlinage tl:u~ client I prospect visit process to our Delivery Centers (15%). The petitioner explained 
that the role involved partnering with both business development and project teams throughout the design 
and implementation of client engagements. 
The petitioner submitted an organizational chart for the Indian company which identifies his position as 
account manager, reporting directly to the Head of Sales Enhancement Team and, indirectly to a Regional 
Director. The Heaq of Sale.s Enhancement Team reports to the President-IT Servic.es. The chart indicates 
that the beneficiary supervised two account managers and provided their position descriptions. 
In the notice of intent to revoke, the director advised the petitioner that "the evidence shows that the 
beQeficiary was performing the tasks necessary to produce a product or to provide services." The director 
requested a definitive statement from the foreign company addressing the beneficiary's position title, au 
specific daily duties, and the percentage of time he spent on each duty. The director also requested an 
organizational chart showing the number of subordinate managers/superviso~ or other employees who 
reported directly to the beneficiary, and instructed the petitioner to provide their job titles, job duties, and 
evidence of their education credentials. Finally, the director advised the petitioner that, ifthe beneficiary did 
not s~pervise employees, it should specify the essential function he managed. 
In response to the notice of intent to revoke, the petitioner stated that the beneficiary was responsible for 
"managing a team of professionals in the execution of presales and commercial account activities until he 
was transferred to the U.S.'' Specifically, the petitioner indicated that the beneficiary "managed the Presales 
and Commercial function for [the petitioner's] Banking & Capital Markets Unit.;' the petitioner provided a 
nine-page explanation of the beneficiary's duties and responsibilities within the context of the Indian 
company's structure during his period of employment. 
(b)(6)
NON-PRECEDENTDEC~ION 
Page9 
The petitioner explained that the beneficiary's division focused on providing IT consulting services to 
corporations in the Banking & Capital Markets industry, and noted that one of the largest accounts he 
managed was __. which brought in over $17 million in revenue in 2005. The 
petitioner indicated that due to the volume of business, the foreign entity has an entire subdivision dedicated 
to servicing this account. The petitioner stated that the beneficiary exercised discretionary decision-making 
with respect to presales and commercial process management for the subdivision With respect to the 
following areas: strategy, goals and objectives; size, staffing, hiring and performance, and managing business 
metrics. 
The petitioner also provided a detailed description of the request for proposal process, noting tha:t a typical 
team working on an RFP includes an architect, a business analyst, a delivery manager, a usab'itity analyst, 
and ·a pricing analyst. The petitioner explained that each pursuit takes three to six months, and that the 
beneficiary a:nd his team completed approximately 50 proposals during his nearly two years in the position. 
The petitioner provided a list of20 propos,a.ls accepted by for execution during the beneficiary's tenure 
and provided a sample RFP response prepared by the beneficiary's team. The petitioner also provided a 
detailed flow chart describing the proposal process and the responsibilities of all personnel involved in the 
process. 
The petitioner submitted an organizational chart indicating that the beneficiary supervised the "Pte-Sales and 
Cotn.mercial Organization" with two subordinate account managers, one responsible for "Commercial 
Processes, Resource Forecasting & Management" and one responsible for the "Requests for Proposals, Client 
Visit Process." The chart shows that one account manager had three direct report staff (all commercial 
executives) arid two indirect report staff (Finance SPOC and HR SPOC), while the other account manager 
supervised temporary pte-sales teams comprised of architects, business analysts, project managers, usability 
analysts and pricing analysts. The petitioner provided position descriptions for all positions subordinate to 
the beneficiary and educational credentials for the beneficiary's direct subordinates. · 
Upon reviewing the petitioner's response, the director revoked the approval of the petition, concluding that 
the petitioner failed to eStablish that the foreign entity employed the beneficiary in a primarily managerial 
capacity. In denying the petition, the director found that the two organizational charts in the record 
"illustrate the beneficiary as the manager of two different teams with two different groups ofpeople." The 
director acknowledged the petitioner's claims that the beneficiary managed an essential function for the 
foreign entity, but 
stated that such claim was contradicted by its statement that the beneficiary also 
supervised professional personnel. 
The director further quoted a portion of the position description provided in response to the notice of intent to 
revoke and concluded that, based on the petitioner's statements, 80 percent of the beneficiary's time was 
spent performing "non-managerial activities such as customer service (customer care)" and his remaining 
duties were consistent with those of a management analyst.' 
(b)(6)
NON-PRECEDENT DECISION 
Page 10 
Finally, the director added that "USCIS records show that in his 2003 visa application the beneficiary stated 
that he was employed b:y [the foreign entity] in the position of Business Analyst. In 2004, the beneficiary 
st~ted that he was employed by [the foreign entity] in the position of Management Analyst." 
The director's introduction of this potentially derogatory infoiTI_l~tion in the Notice of Revoc<,ttion was 
inappropriate and his comments regarding the beneficiary;s visa applications will be withdrawn. A 
revocation can only be grounded upon, and the petitioner is only obliged to respond to, the factual allegations 
specified in the notice of intent to revoke. Matter of Arias, 19 I&N Dec. 568 (BIA 1988). Where the 
petitioner is unaware and has not been advised of derogatory evidence, revocation of the Visa petition cannot 
be sustained. See Matter of Estime, 19 I&N Dec. at 450; see also 8 C.F.R. § I 03 .2(b )( 16)(i). 
Further, it is noted that the petitioner submitted documentary evidence dated contemporaneously from 2004 
which identifies the beneficiary's position title within the foreign entity as ''Account Manager" for the 
account and there is no reason to doubt 
the authenticity of this evidence. 
On appeal, counsel for the petitioner asserts that the beneficiary "spent the majority of his time as an Account 
Manager performing job duties in a managerial capacity as a functional manager of the Presales/Commetcia:l 
function." Counsel provides the following explanation: 
[The beneficiary] was responsible for the operational management of the request for 
propo~ls process; tbe migration of account management processes, commercial function, 
client relations with company executives, and management of client operations. [The 
beneficiary] was not responsible for performing the actual duties related to this function (such 
as preparing the proposal drafts ot managing the offshore project teams). 
Counsel objects to the director's finding that the beneficiary allocated 80 percent of his time performing non;. 
qualifying "customer care'' duties, and contends that the director's assessment "does not accurately convey 
the importance of [the beneficiary's] role within the organization. Counsel asserts that, rather than providing 
"customer service" to the company's clients, he operated at a senior level within the organization and 
managed th~ Presales/Commercial function within his business vertical/unit by overseeing and guiding 
others in the RFP process, setting up account management operations processes to be follow~d by project 
managers and their teams, established strategies for the st(,ltement of work and colleetions process for the 
business vertical/unit, and performed other high-level managerial job duties that could not reasonably be 
classified as "customer care.'' Counsel asserts that the beneficiary's duties were different from those of a 
mar,iager who supervises employees engaged in project delivery and that he held <,t higher-level role with 
responsibility for managing the pre-sales function for multiple projects with the assistance of subordinate 
professionals. 
B. Analysis 
Upon review, counsel's assertions are persuasive. The petitioner has established that the foreign entity 
~r:n.ployed the beneficiary as a function manager. 
(b)(6)
NON-PRECEDENT DECISION 
Page II 
The term "function manager" applies generally when a beneficiary may not supervise or control the work: of a. 
subordinate staff but instead is primarily responsible for managing an "essential function'' within the 
organization. See section 101(a)(44)(A)(ii) of the Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(44)(A)(ii). The term "~ssential 
function" is not defined by statute or regulation. If a petitioner claims that the beneficiary is managing an 
essential function, the petitioner must furnish a job description that clearly explains the duties performed in 
managing the essential function, i.e. identifies the function with specificity, articulates the essential nature of 
the function, and establishes the proportion of the beneficiary's daily duties attributed to managing the 
essential function. See 8 C.F.R. § 204.50)(5). In addition, the petitioner's description of th~ beneficiary's 
daily duties must demonstrate that the beneficiary man~ges the function rather than performs the duties 
related to the function. 
We do 110t agree with the director's conclusion that 100% of the beneficiary's time was allocated between non­
qualifying ''customer care'' and ''analysis'' functions. The AAO recognizes that 1 the d~tailed description 
provided indicates that the beneficiary allocated some time to performing non-qualifying tasks incidental to 
managing the pre .. sales and commercial function for the foreign entity's major client. However, upon review 
of the record as a whole, it is unclear how the director arrived at the conclusion that the beneficiary allocated 
all of his time, or even a majority of his time, to non-managerial duties. In its response to the notice of intent 
to revoke, the petitioner devoted nine pages to explaining in great detail the beneficiary's day-to-day duties 
and the significance of such duties within the scope of the function he managed. 
Beyond the required description of the job duties, USC IS reviews tl_le totitlity oftbe record when exl:lJllining 
the claimed managerial or executive capacity of a beneficiary, including the petitioner's organizational 
structure, the duties ofthe beneficiary's subordin1:1te employees; the prese11ce of other employees to relieve 
the beneficiary from performing operational duties, the nature of the petitioner's business, and any other 
factors that will contribute to a complete understanding of a beneficiary's actual duties and role in a business. 
In the case of a function manager, where few or no subordinates are directly supervised, these other factors 
may include the beneficiary's position within the organizational hierarchy, the depth of the petitioner's 
organizational structure, the scope of the beneficiary's authority a,nd its impact on the petitioner's operations, 
the indirect supervision of employees within the scope of the function managed, and the valUe of the budgets, 
products, or services that the beneficiary manages. 
Here, the petitioner indiCates that the beneficiary managed a small team comprised of professional 
employees and held additional responsibility for reviewing the work of all parties involved in th~ RFP 
process for the business unit established for the foreign entity's largest client, which generated revenues in 
excess of $17 million. The beneficiary also held responsibility for establishing processes Md policies related 
to the pre-sales and commercial function within his business unit and exercised discretion over the functions 
he managed. 
While the beneficiary was required to apply his business expertise in carrying out his job duties and perform 
some operational or administrative tasks, the petitioner has est1.1blished by a preponder®ce of the evidence 
that the majority of the day-to-day non-managerial tasks associated with the function he managed were 
performed by other employees involved in the RFP process. Matter of Chawathe, 25 I&N Dec. 369, 376 
(AAO 20 I 0). · As the statutory gefinition discusses managerial capacity as a function of the duties that the 
(b)(6)
NON-PRECEDENT DECISION 
Page 12 
beneficiary "primarily" performs, the petitioner need only establish that the beneficiary devoted more than 
half of his time to manager~l duties. The petitioner has met that burden. 
In visa petition proceedings, the burden of proving eligibility for the benefit sought remains entirely with the 
petitioner. Section 291 of the Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1361. Here, the petitioner has sustained that burden. Accordingly, 
the director's decision dated February 14, 2011 is withdrawn and the petition is approved. 
ORDER: The appeal is sustained. 
j